BMW 318ic 1992 Repair Manual download pdf (Page 21)

Finding “2A5F” in a

short list of codes

Confusion over codes with letters and numbers

Most late model BMWs store codes in a four digit format using letters and numbers. If you read

these simple explanations, you will find that finding a code in this manual is almost exactly like

finding a word in a dictionary.

Remember this sort order: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F

Let’s compare looking up code

“2A5F” to looking up the word

“easy” in the dictionary:

DICTIONARY

Looking up the word

“EASY”

CODE TABLE

Looking up the code

“2A5F”

Find words that start with the

letter “E”

Find codes that start with the

a “2”

Find the “E” words who’s

second letter is “A”

Find the “2” codes who’s

second digit is “A” (A is

always between 9 and B)

Find the “EA” words who’s

third letter is “S”

Find the“2A” codes who’s

third digit is “5”

Find the “EAS” words who’s

final letter is “Y”

Find the “2A5" codes who’s

final digit is “F”

The only difference: instead of 26 letters, you are using

10 numbers and 6 letters:

sorted: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F

Test Yourself: What comes after 1999? If you said 199A, you’ve got it.

What comes after 1FFF? If you answered 2000, you’re set.

Note: this numbering system is called “hexadecimal”. Wikipedia.com has an informative page

on the hexadecimal numbering system is you are interested.

Glossary:

A/C = Air conditioner

ABS = Anti-lock Brake System

ASC = Skid control (see “Intervention”)

ADS = Aux Throttle Position Motor

AHK = Active Rear Axle Kinematics

BLS = Brake Light Switch

Check Engine Light: on the dashboard, indicates the

DME has detected a problem

CC = Check control

CO = Carbon Monoxide

DDE = ECU for Diesel Engine

Diagnostic Connector: Where the R5-FCX plugs into

the car. See pages 3 and 4.

Decimal = Numeric format the dealer diagnostic

machines report codes in. See page ? for explanation.

DISA =intake runner length tuning mechanism

DME = Engine ECU (Gasoline engine): monitors and

controls all engine sensors and functions

DSC = Dynamic Stability Control

DWA = Alarm system

E = Communications error: See “Flashing E below

EGS = Electronic Automatic Transmission

EKAT = Electrically heated catalytic convertor

EKM = electronic Body Module

EML = Electronic Throttle Control

EVAP = relates to fuel vapor recovery often this code

indicates a loose gas cap

EWS = Drive away protection (alarm system)

Fault Code: a “code” stored in the DME memory bank

that indicates a past or present problem.

Fuel Trim = adjustments to maintain proper air fuel ratio

(see Lambda Control)

Flashing E: (in R5-FCX display) communication

problem in the vehicle, please visit the following web

page: www.r5tool.com/fcxtech.shtml

GM = General Module

Hex = The R5/fcx shows codes in a format called

hexadecimal. See page ?.

Intervention, MSR, ASC = intervention is when another

control unit (i.e. skid control) requests a power/torque

change from the DME. Code indicates DME assessed

the request as being incorrect or too long.

Lambda Control = Code means DME is unable to

maintain requisite air/fuel ratio due to external factor

(air leak, bad injector, sensor, etc...). (also see fuel

trim)

LDP = Loss Diagnosis Pump

Load Calculation Cross Check (HFM vs TPS)= when

actual air flow exceeds +/- 25% of calculated air flow.

MDK = Motorized Throttle Valve

MIL = Malfunction Indicator Lamp, also called the

“Check Engine” or “Service Engine Soon lamp

MLF = Multi function Steering Wheel

MSR = Drag Torque Intervention (torque reduction for

anti skid) see Intervention above

NTC = coolant temperature sensor

Oilservice & Inspection: Also called Si (abbrev. for

service interval) maintenance reminder lights

PWG = Pedal Sensor Potentiometer

QL = idle air mass adaption (see Fuel Trim)

R5/FCX: The scan/reset tool. Subject of this manual

RAM = DME random access memory

ROM = DME program memory

Scan Tool: Generic term for the R5/FCX

Service Engine Soon: on the dashboard, indicates the

DME has detected a problem.

SI = Service Interval

SMG = BMW Motorsport Sequential Gearbox

SRS = Airbag

TD = Tachometer Signal

TEV = Evap, fuel tank vent / purge valve

Ti Additive: idle fuel adaption (see fuel trim)

Ti multiplicative: adaption a percentage +/- of injector

time (see Fuel Trim)

TR signal = from DME, RPM and valve position

VANOS = Adjustable Valve Train

VDS = Vehicle Description System. VIN Digits 4- 7

VIN = Vehicle identification number.

ZAB = see ASC

ZKE = Central Body Electronics

For further definitions, please consult documentation

for the vehicle.

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BMW 318ic 1992 Repair Manual Page 21

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